Serrano et al. 2026 (Article) Tillandsia, Mexico

From ritual to ecology: Ceremonial use of Tillandsia langlasseana and its effects on associated fauna in the Sierra de Taxco, Guerrero, Mexico1

Author(s):—L. Serrano-Ocampo, S. Valencia-Díaz & A. Flores-Palacios

Publication:—Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 1(aop): (online). (2026) — DOI

Abstract:—Nontimber forest product extraction is a form of chronic disturbance. Across the Americas, at least 188 Bromeliaceae species are traditionally harvested from the wild, mainly for ornamental and ceremonial purposes. However, little is known about the effects of ceremonial extraction on bromeliad populations and their associated fauna. From 2023 to 2026, during Holy Week and Easter, we studied traditional bromeliad harvesting in Cacalotenango del R?o, Guerrero, Mexico. We documented collection practices, harvest volume, and impacts on arthropod abundance and diversity. Men collected all available flowering bromeliads, especially Tillandsia langlasseana. When flowering plants were scarce, collectors harvested fruiting individuals of this species or Tillandsia prodigiosa. Rosettes were discarded, and women used inflorescences to decorate church altars and prepare bouquets distributed during religious ceremonies. The practice of removing all flowering plants caused noticeable shortages during 2025?2026. Annual harvests of T. langlasseana were estimated at 3,000?4,000 individuals. Arthropods found in discarded rosettes included two classes, four orders, 10 families, and 14 genera, with an average of 41 individuals per rosette, including edible insects. We estimate that rosette disposal eliminates 123,400?164,533 arthropods annually and destroys refuge sites for the endangered reptile Abronia deppii. The number of T. langlasseana collected exceeds levels reported for commercial harvesting. Because collection is concentrated over a short period, targets reproductive plants, and occurs in limited locations, the species experiences acute disturbance. Bromeliad collections for ceremonial purposes are widespread across the Americas, and our findings provide evidence that these practices threaten both bromeliad populations and the biodiversity they support.